Store left and right branches of alternation separately

regex/nfa.go

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ type nfaState struct {
 	isKleene                   bool                // Identifies whether current node is a 0-state representing Kleene star
 	isQuestion                 bool                // Identifies whether current node is a 0-state representing the question operator
 	isAlternation              bool                // Identifies whether current node is a 0-state representing an alternation
+	leftState                  *nfaState           // Only for alternation states - the 'left' branch of the alternation
+	rightState                 *nfaState           // Only for alternation states - the 'right' branch of the alternation
 	assert                     assertType          // Type of assertion of current node - NONE means that the node doesn't assert anything
 	allChars                   bool                // Whether or not the state represents all characters (eg. a 'dot' metacharacter). A 'dot' node doesn't store any contents directly, as it would take up too much space
 	except                     []rune              // Only valid if allChars is true - match all characters _except_ the ones in this block. Useful for inverting character classes.
@@ -106,6 +108,15 @@ func cloneStateHelper(stateToClone *nfaState, cloneMap map[*nfaState]*nfaState)
 		clone.lookaroundNFA = clone
 	}
 	clone.lookaroundNFA = cloneStateHelper(stateToClone.lookaroundNFA, cloneMap)
+	if stateToClone.leftState == stateToClone {
+		clone.leftState = clone
+	}
+	clone.leftState = cloneStateHelper(stateToClone.leftState, cloneMap)
+	if stateToClone.rightState == stateToClone {
+		clone.rightState = clone
+	}
+	clone.rightState = cloneStateHelper(stateToClone.rightState, cloneMap)
+
 	return clone
 }
 
@@ -213,6 +224,9 @@ func (s nfaState) contentContains(str []rune, idx int) bool {
 	if s.assert != noneAssert {
 		return s.checkAssertion(str, idx)
 	}
+	if idx >= len(str) {
+		return false
+	}
 	if s.allChars {
 		return !slices.Contains(slices.Concat(notDotChars, s.except), str[idx]) // Return true only if the index isn't a 'notDotChar', or isn't one of the exception characters for the current node.
 	}
@@ -348,6 +362,8 @@ func alternate(s1 *nfaState, s2 *nfaState) *nfaState {
 	toReturn.content = newContents(epsilon)
 	toReturn.isEmpty = true
 	toReturn.isAlternation = true
+	toReturn.leftState = s1
+	toReturn.rightState = s2
 
 	return toReturn
 }
@@ -358,7 +374,7 @@ func question(s1 *nfaState) *nfaState { // Use the fact that ab? == a(b|)
 	s2.content = newContents(epsilon)
 	s2.output = append(s2.output, s2)
 	s2.isEmpty = true
-	s2.isQuestion = true
+	s2.isAlternation = true
 	s3 := alternate(s1, s2)
 	return s3
 }